As AI computing demands continue to increase, data centers require advanced power supply architectures to efficiently deliver power to high-performance GPUs and processors. Our 48V bus architecture solutions provide high-efficiency power delivery that addresses the growing power density and thermal challenges of AI computing.
Overview of AI Data Center Power Challenges
The power requirements for AI computing have grown exponentially, with individual GPUs now consuming over 700W and server power demands reaching 10kW or more. Traditional 12V power architectures struggle to efficiently deliver this level of power due to increased I²R losses and thermal management challenges. The 48V bus architecture significantly reduces these losses and improves overall system efficiency.
Our 48V power delivery solutions leverage Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture (FPA) and advanced power conversion technologies to provide efficient power delivery from the rack to the chip. This approach enables data centers to meet the demanding power requirements of AI workloads while improving density and reducing TCO.
Key Features of Our 48V Solution
High Efficiency Power Conversion
Efficiency exceeding 97% from 48V to low-voltage point-of-load, significantly reducing power losses and thermal management requirements.
High Power Density
Advanced packaging technologies enable high power density solutions that maximize GPU/processor count per rack.
Fast Transient Response
Advanced control techniques provide excellent dynamic response to the rapid load changes common in AI workloads.
Simplified Distribution
Higher distribution voltage reduces current and conductor losses, simplifying power distribution infrastructure.
Technical Implementation
Our solution utilizes Vicor's PRM (Propensity Regulated Module) and VTM (Vicor Transformer Module) in Factorized Power Architecture:
- 48V Bus: Primary power distribution voltage throughout the rack
- PRM Regulator: Provides precise regulation at 48V bus while operating with ZVS for high efficiency
- VTM Current Multiplier: Provides isolation and current multiplication with voltage transformation to point-of-load
- Dynamic Response: Maintains the fast transient response needed for AI workloads
Recommended BOM for AI Server Power
| Component | Model | Quantity | Key Specifications | Application Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRM Regulator | PRM040240250T000 | 1 per 250W | 48V input, 2.5V output, 94.8% efficiency | For high-current rails (CPU, GPU) |
| VTM Current Multiplier | VTM48EF012T050A00 | 1 per rail | 4:1 turns ratio, 98.2% efficiency | Provides isolation and current multiplication |
| BCM Bus Converter | BCM341x480A050 | 1-2 per server | 48V to isolated 48V, 96.8% efficiency | Provides isolated power buses |
| DCM Converter | DCM4E51T100A092 | As needed | 48V to 12V, 96.1% efficiency | For legacy 12V rails |
Applications in AI Data Centers
Our 48V power solutions are ideal for these key applications in AI data centers:
GPU Power Delivery
Efficient power delivery for high-power GPUs with fast transient response requirements.
CPU Power Supply
High-efficiency, high-current power solutions for modern CPUs in AI servers.
Networking Equipment
Efficient power conversion for high-speed networking equipment in AI clusters.
Engineering Perspective: Optimizing AI Data Center Power
Key Design Considerations
When implementing 48V power solutions in AI data centers, consider these critical factors:
Thermal Management: The reduced losses in the 48V architecture significantly reduce thermal management requirements, but the high power density of AI workloads still requires attention to thermal design. Ensure adequate airflow and thermal pathways for high-power components.
Transient Response: AI workloads create rapid load changes that require power delivery systems with fast response times. Factorized Power Architecture with PRMs and VTMs preserves the dynamic response of the power delivery network.
Layout Optimization: Minimize parasitic inductance in power paths to reduce voltage transients and optimize performance. Consider the proximity of power modules to loads for optimal performance.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is 48V better than 12V for AI data centers?
At the same power level, 48V systems have 1/16th the I²R losses of 12V systems. This dramatically reduces power losses and thermal management challenges in high-power AI applications.
How does Factorized Power Architecture benefit AI systems?
FPA provides current multiplication with preserved dynamics, allowing for fast transient response to rapid load changes. This is essential for AI workloads that have sudden power demand changes.
Can I retrofit existing data centers with 48V solutions?
Yes, 48V solutions can be implemented in existing data centers using rack-level power shelf approaches. This allows for upgrades without complete infrastructure rework.
How does this compare to AC-DC power solutions?
48V DC-DC solutions typically offer higher efficiency, faster transient response, and better power density compared to AC-DC solutions in AI applications.
Related Products
PRM Modules
Regulated bus converters for Factorized Power Architecture, providing precise voltage regulation with high efficiency.
VTM Modules
Vicor Transformer Modules for current multiplication with galvanic isolation in FPA systems.
DCM Modules
Fixed-ratio bus converters for efficient DC-DC conversion without regulation in power distribution systems.